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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
Published on: July 5, 2022
Capillary sampling during oral glucose testing as a screening test for detecting prediabetes and diabetes in
Mojtaba Malek1, Saeed Samie2, Ali Jarollahi2
1Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Early identification of diabetes and prediabetes is critical to mitigating disease progression and complications. While capillary blood glucose (CBG) measurement has been suggested as a practical alternative to venous plasma glucose (VPG), discrepancies between these assays may affect diagnostic accuracy. This study aimed to assess the validity and optimal thresholds of CBG determined by two commonly used glucometers compared with the standard diagnostic criteria among a high-risk cohort.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study (n = 1089), fasting and 2-h post-OGTT CBG (FCBG & 2-h CBG) were measured using Accu-Chek Performa and Glucocard 01 devices. Corresponding fasting and 2-h post-OGTT plasma glucose (FPG& OGTT) and HbA1c levels were considered as reference standards.
Results:
CBG measurements showed strong concordance with VPG, yielding an optimal FCBG threshold of 112.5 mg/dl for diabetes detection, with sensitivities and specificities exceeding 93%, and NPV above 99%, compared with the FPG as the reference criterion. Also, the FCBG value of 98.5 mg/dl exhibited the highest AUCs in ROC analysis for detecting hyperglycemia in the fasting state (IFG or diabetes), with sensitivities ranging from 75.7% to 79.2%.Furthermore, 2-h CBG cut-point value of 195.5 mg/dl demonstrated good performance in detecting diabetes (specificities and sensitivities: 93.1-100%), considering OGTT as the reference criterion; although there were discrepancies in the test readings, particularly at higher glucose concentrations.
Conclusion:
Both fasting and 2-h CBG showed good diagnostic performance for detecting diabetes and prediabetes among high-risk populations. These findings advocate for their incorporation into community-based screening frameworks to optimize early disease detection.
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