Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Hypersensitivity Effects of Corchorus olitorius Extract in Cellular and NC/Nga Mouse...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that is characterized by pruritus, erythema, and eczematous lesions, and pruritus is often regarded as the most burdensome symptom that affects quality of life. Current therapies, including corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, are limited by their adverse effects, thus highlighting the need for safer alternatives. Corchorus olitorius extract (CE), a polyphenol- and flavonoid-rich leafy vegetable, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, its potential as an anti-hypersensitivity agent has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammation and anti-hypersensitivity properties of CE using RAW 264.7 macrophages, HaCaT keratinocytes, and human mast cell-1, as well as NC/Nga mice with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD-like lesions. CE exhibited no cytotoxicity and significantly suppressed nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine production. Furthermore, CE inhibited the degranulation of mast cells by reducing histamine and β-hexosaminidase release, thereby demonstrating anti-hypersensitivity activity. The oral administration of CE attenuated the scratching behavior and improved skin severity scores in NC/Nga mice, with effects at the highest dose comparable to that of dexamethasone. Collectively, these findings provide the first comprehensive evidence that CE alleviates AD-like symptoms by regulating inflammatory mediators and hypersensitivity responses, thus supporting its potential as a safe oral therapeutic or functional food candidate for AD.