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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Designing Silk-silk Protein Alloy Materials for Biomedical Applications
Published on: August 13, 2014
Fabrication, molecular mechanism, and property characterization of chicken 3D-analogs using protein-protein
Ibrahim Khalifa1, Zhihua Li2, Xiaobo Zou2
1Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, 13736, Moshtohor, Egypt.
Abstract:
In this study, soy (SPI), mung bean (MBP), and potato proteins (PP) fortified with glucomannan and lutein were used to create 3D-printed chicken analogs based on six formulations: binary mixtures (CA2: SPI-PP; CA3: SPI-MBP; CA4: MBP-PP) and single proteins (CA1: SPI; CA5: MBP; CA6: PP). The printability, rheology, texture, heat, and structure of the analogs were investigated. The print quality of 3D printing ink was improved by glucomannan- and lutein-mediated protein-protein interactions, with CA2 exhibiting enhanced printability and stability. Based on multispectral and molecular docking studies, SPI-PP promoted cohesion between ink and water mobility by synergistically promoting H-bonding and hydrophobic forces. Thermo-crystalline and layer adhesion analyses verified that the blends exhibited the enhanced viscoelasticity for extrusion with shape fidelity during printing. These results demonstrated the significance of customized protein blends in the fabrication of plant-based meat substitutes, and the binary SPI-PP and MBP-PP systems provided potential options for designing chicken alternatives for sustainable 3D-food printing.
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