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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
Published on: July 24, 2019
Reply to: "Insights and considerations on predicting cognitive and Behavioral disturbances in MND with pure motor
Manuel Bicaj1, Francesca Oliveri2, Chiara Rossi1
1Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino. Genoa, Italy.
Abstract:
In this letter, we respond to the comments by Dr. Wang and Dr. Zhang regarding our recent study on cognitive and/or behavioral impairment (C/BI) development in motor neuron diseases (MNDs), acknowledging sample size limitations and the low prevalence of cases carrying genetic mutations. We underscore that the exclusion of patients lacking follow-up data may actually have resulted in an underrepresentation of fast-progressing rather than slow-progressing cases. We also express our agreement on the potential of integrating clinical and biomarkers-derived predictors into clinical guidelines for MNDs to enable earlier, personalized interventions. We appreciate the authors' recognition of our work and share their expectations for future advancements in the field.
Insights
This study addresses cognitive and/or behavioral impairment (C/BI) in motor neuron diseases (MNDs). We discuss sample limitations and suggest integrating predictors for earlier, personalized interventions in MND patient care.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are complex neurological disorders.
- Cognitive and/or behavioral impairment (C/BI) is increasingly recognized in MNDs.
- Understanding C/BI progression is crucial for patient management.

