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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Transcriptome-based model for predicting radiotherapy response in HNSCC patients.

Tomasz Kolenda1, Piotr Białas2, Alicja Braska3

  • 1Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland.

Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy : Journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology
|January 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study identified molecular differences in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) resistant to radiotherapy. Patients with ineffective treatment showed increased DNA repair gene expression, suggesting potential biomarkers for radioresistance.

Keywords:
RNA sequencingTCGApersonalized medicineradiotherapytranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are primarily treated with surgery and radiotherapy.
  • Tumor heterogeneity and microenvironment impact radiotherapy success, leading to radioresistance.
  • The mechanisms of radioresistance in HNSCC are not fully understood, posing a challenge in oncology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular differences between patients with effective and ineffective radiotherapy outcomes for HNSCC.
  • To identify potential biomarkers associated with radiotherapy response in HNSCC.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of radiotherapy-treated HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project (TCGA).
  • Exclusion of patients with HPV infection, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy.
  • Comparison of clinical-pathological and transcriptome data (RNAseq) using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA).

Main Results:

  • Two groups were established: effective treatment group (ETG, n=34) and ineffective treatment group (ITG, n=31).
  • ITG patients had a significantly shorter progression-free interval (PFI) compared to ETG patients (median 266 days, p < 0.0001).
  • Molecular analysis revealed significantly increased expression of DNA repair genes in the ITG group.

Conclusions:

  • A molecularly distinct model of radiotherapy response in HNSCC was developed.
  • Differences in genetic expression, particularly in DNA repair pathways, characterize radioresistance.
  • The findings suggest potential utility of this model for identifying biomarkers of HNSCC radioresistance.