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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes

Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes

Published on: February 28, 2020

Structure-enabled liquid manipulation: bioinspired control across all dimensions.

Siqi Sun¹, Liqiu Wang^1,2, Yiyuan Zhang¹

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China. liqiu.wang@polyu.edu.hk.

|January 7, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores bioinspired and engineered strategies for precise directional liquid control in 1D, 2D, and 3D spaces. It highlights nature's energy-efficient principles for enhanced liquid utilization and future on-demand systems.

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Bioinspired engineering
Materials science

Background:

Precise directional liquid control is crucial for natural and engineered systems.
Optimizing liquid manipulation along specific trajectories presents a significant challenge.
Existing theories require enhancement for application-specific minimal-path control.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in bioinspired and engineered strategies for directional liquid control.
To explore liquid manipulation across 1D, 2D, and 3D dimensional frameworks.
To outline design paradigms for next-generation liquid control systems.

Main Methods:

Analysis of bioinspired strategies and engineered manipulators.
Decoding evolutionary-optimized liquid manipulation mechanisms (e.g., Laplace pressure, capillary effects).
Translating natural principles into dimension-specific artificial systems with asymmetric architectures.

Main Results:

Demonstration of superior liquid directional control in 1D, 2D, and 3D frameworks.
Achievement of precise liquid guidance using simplified asymmetric architectures.
Enhanced liquid utilization efficiency through bioinspired designs.

Conclusions:

Bioinspired and engineered systems offer superior directional liquid control.
Simplified asymmetric architectures are key to precise liquid guidance.
Future systems can integrate interfacial phenomena with microfluidic, thermal, and environmental technologies for on-demand liquid control.