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Virtualizing Alcohol Use Disorder Therapy: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Alexander Bazhanov1, Gerrit Meixner2

  • 1UniTyLab, Heilbronn University of Applied Sciences, Heilbronn, Germany.

Advances in Therapy
|January 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Virtual reality (VR) shows promise for alcohol use disorder (AUD) therapy, effectively managing craving and aiding diagnostics. Further research is needed to address limitations in current VR treatment approaches for AUD.

Keywords:
Alcohol use disorderScoping reviewSystematic reviewVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Behavioral Science
  • Psychiatry and Mental Health
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Virtual reality (VR) technology is increasingly accessible for therapeutic applications.
  • VR offers potential in alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment, including exposure therapy and diagnostics.
  • Current data on VR effectiveness for AUD are varied, necessitating cautious implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of research on virtual reality interventions for alcohol use disorder.
  • To synthesize findings from trials and non-trial publications on VR in AUD therapy.
  • To identify therapeutic and technological limitations and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search adhering to PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines.
  • Inclusion of publications since 2015 focusing on VR for AUD treatment.
  • Analysis of trials, prototype presentations, and expert interviews.

Main Results:

  • Nineteen trials involving 653 participants were identified.
  • VR cue-exposure therapy (CET) showed potential in managing craving and anxiety.
  • VR diagnostics enabled differentiation between heavy and light alcohol consumers.
  • Virtual approach-avoidance therapy (AAT) demonstrated enhanced effectiveness over 2D methods.

Conclusions:

  • VR shows promise in AUD therapy, particularly in cue-exposure and approach-avoidance paradigms.
  • Limitations include heterogeneous designs, inconsistent results, and lack of long-term data.
  • Further research is needed on technological adaptations, biofeedback integration, and long-term patient outcomes.