Secure load frequency control for power systems under round-robin protocol: A quantized MPC strategy

In modern power systems, ensuring frequency stabilization remains a critical challenge in the face of fluctuations, communication constraints, and malicious cyber-attacks. This paper addresses the problem of secure load frequency control (LFC) in interconnected multi-area systems, particularly under deception attacks and limited communication. In order to address the communication constraints while enhancing frequency regulation performance, a demand-response-participatory LFC framework under round-robin (RR) protocol is proposed. A model predictive control (MPC) strategy is employed in conjunction with dynamic quantization of signals, while considering the impact of the deception attack during signal transmission. Furthermore, the mixed H₂/H_∞ performance indices are adopted in the resilient controller design to ensure both robustness and performance of the system. The resulting non-convex optimization problem is then reformulated into a feasible problem via cone complementary linearization and linear matrix inequality techniques. A simulation study of a two-area power system shows that the proposed method can control the frequency fluctuation within ±0.005Hz within 10s under a sustained deception attack.