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Demonstrating a Multi-drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Amplification Microarray
Published on: April 25, 2014
The Emergence of Drug Resistance in Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Series
Herikurniawan Herikurniawan1, Aziza Harris1, Mira Yulianti1
1Division of Respirology and Critical Illness, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Herikurniawan.md@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Drug-resistant extrapulmonary tuberculosis (DR-EPTB) represents an escalating global health challenge, complicated by rising rates of rifampicin-resistant (RR-TB) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Despite growing awareness, DR-EPTB remains underdiagnosed and underreported, often due to presumptive assumptions of drug sensitivity. This case series describes three distinct cases of DR-EPTB: a 34-year-old woman diagnosed with primary MDR-TB involving the lungs and colon; a 41-year-old man with RR-TB-associated arthritis of the elbow joint, following a previous history of pulmonary TB; and a 63-year-old immunosuppressed woman presenting with primary laryngeal and pulmonary RR-TB. These cases highlight the diagnostic complexities and emphasize the necessity of prompt and precise diagnosis facilitated by molecular diagnostics, particularly GeneXpert MTB/RIF. Increased awareness and vigilance for DR-EPTB among clinicians are critical for early detection, effective management, and curbing the spread of drug-resistant strains.
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