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MIS-C: Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes
Christophe El Rassi1, Roy El Darzi1, Maria Abou Mansour1
1Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|January 8, 2026
Summary
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe post-COVID-19 condition. Early diagnosis and management, including immunomodulation and thromboprophylaxis, are crucial for better outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious post-COVID-19 condition.
- It presents with fever, shock, and multiorgan involvement, particularly cardiovascular issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current evidence on MIS-C epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation.
- To emphasize MIS-C diagnosis, management strategies, and differentiation from similar conditions.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of MIS-C.
- Synthesis of data on diagnosis, treatment, and complications.
Main Results:
- MIS-C management involves supportive care, hemodynamic stabilization, and immunomodulation (IVIG, steroids, biologics).
- Thromboprophylaxis is often needed due to high thromboembolic risk.
- Long-term follow-up is vital for potential cardiac, GI, and neurological issues.
Conclusions:
- Effective MIS-C management requires distinguishing it from similar syndromes.
- Challenges remain in diagnostic clarity and standardized treatment protocols.
- Despite progress, ongoing research is needed for optimal patient care.
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