Multidimensional Strategies for Enhancing Silicon-System Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries: From Half Cells to Full...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Rising demand for high energy density and long cycle life in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for electric vehicles and electronics.
• Silicon (Si) anodes are promising due to high capacity, low potential, and abundance, but face challenges like volume expansion, low conductivity, and poor interfacial stability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review and address the challenges hindering silicon anode commercialization in LIBs.
• To elucidate Li+ storage and failure mechanisms in Si anodes.
• To propose multidimensional improvement strategies for Si and Si-based anodes in both half-cell and full-cell configurations.

Main Methods:

• Elucidation of fundamental Li+ storage and failure mechanisms in Si anodes.
• Proposal of multidimensional improvement strategies focusing on active material modification and battery system optimization.
• Systematic examination of Si-system anodes in full-cell configurations.

Main Results:

• Identification of severe volume expansion (>300%), low intrinsic conductivity, and poor interfacial stability as key challenges for Si anodes.
• Development of strategies to enhance Si anode performance in lithium-ion half cells through material and system optimization.
• Analysis of progress and challenges in Si-system anodes for full-cell applications.

Conclusions:

• Silicon anodes hold significant potential for next-generation high-energy-density LIBs.
• Multidimensional strategies are crucial for overcoming Si anode limitations.
• Further research and industrial development are needed to facilitate practical application of Si-system anodes.