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Choosing to believe: How active sampling enhances the truth effect.

Moritz Ingendahl1, Anna Schulte1, Florian Weber1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Actively choosing information amplifies the truth effect, making people believe repeated information more strongly. This active sampling enhances belief more than passive exposure, impacting real-world information consumption.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Information Science

Background:

  • The truth effect, where repeated information exposure increases belief, is well-documented.
  • Previous research primarily used passive exposure methods.
  • Real-world information consumption often involves active sampling, like clicking headlines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if active information sampling enhances the truth effect.
  • To compare the impact of active versus passive information exposure on belief.
  • To explore underlying explanations for the enhanced truth effect in active sampling.

Main Methods:

  • Eight preregistered experiments involving 953 participants.
  • Participants actively sampled information based on their choices.
  • Testing stimulus-based versus processing-based explanations for the observed effects.

Main Results:

  • Active information sampling significantly increased the truth effect compared to passive exposure.
  • Participants showed enhanced belief in information they actively chose to engage with.
  • Evidence supported processing-based explanations over stimulus-based ones.

Conclusions:

  • Active information sampling strengthens the truth effect, leading to greater belief.
  • Cognitive processes during active sampling appear to drive this enhanced effect.
  • Findings highlight the significant impact of active information choice on belief formation.