Comparative Evaluation of Disinfectants for Controlling Listeria monocytogenes on Flammulina Velutipes

Flammulina velutipes is the most widely consumed edible mushroom in Korea, with a unique flavor and texture that support its popularity domestically and internationally. Korea produces approximately 26,000 tons of F. velutipes annually, accounting for 17% of its total mushroom production and generating export revenues of about 126 million USD. However, recent detection of Listeria monocytogenes in F. velutipes has led to product recalls and import restrictions in major markets, including the United States, thereby threatening export competitiveness. L. monocytogenes is a psychrotrophic foodborne pathogen capable of surviving and proliferating at low temperatures, causing severe diseases such as meningitis and sepsis in immunocompromised individuals, and miscarriage or fetal death in pregnant women. This study evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of peracetic acid (PAA) among several disinfectants for controlling Listeria contamination. Treatment with 80 ppm PAA once daily or once every two days effectively inhibited Listeria growth on F. velutipes surfaces without affecting mushroom fresh weight or marketability. Furthermore, PAA treatment suppressed not only Listeria but also other pathogenic microorganisms, suggesting improved overall microbial safety. PAA decomposes into water and oxygen, producing no harmful residues, and is approved for organic food production. Its ease of field application further enhances practicality. These findings indicate that PAA is an effective, eco-friendly method for controlling L. monocytogenes contamination in F. velutipes, and its implementation could strengthen the microbiological safety and export stability of Korean mushrooms in global markets.