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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

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Published on: January 19, 2018

Self-compressed waveform-stable light transients enabling water-window attosecond spectroscopy.

Valentina Utrio Lanfaloni¹, Federico Vismarra¹, Emir Ardali¹

¹Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.

Nature Photonics

|January 9, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created phase-stable, sub-cycle light transients for ultrafast spectroscopy. These precisely controlled light pulses achieve unprecedented temporal resolution, advancing attosecond science and high-harmonic generation experiments.

Keywords:

Nonlinear optics Ultrafast photonics X-rays

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Last Updated: Jan 13, 2026

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Area of Science:

Physics
Optics
Spectroscopy

Background:

Soliton self-compression in large-core hollow capillary fibers enables terawatt-level pulse generation.
Ultrafast spectroscopy demands precise control over light pulse characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To generate and characterize phase-stable sub-cycle light transients.
To demonstrate the application of these transients in advanced spectroscopy.

Main Methods:

Utilizing soliton self-compression in large-core hollow capillary fibers with long-wavelength pulses.
Employing field- and phase-resolved optical field sampling for characterization.
Applying generated transients to soft X-ray high-harmonic generation and attosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Main Results:

Creation of phase-stable sub-cycle self-compressed light transients with durations down to 2.5 ± 0.2 fs.
Demonstration of in situ measurement and waveform phase offset determination.
Successful application in attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy at 250 eV.

Conclusions:

Sub-cycle light transients offer deep sub-cycle temporal resolution for ultrafast experiments.
These advances enable water-window attosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
The work pushes the boundaries of achievable temporal resolution in spectroscopy.