THE EFFECT OF DAPAGLIFLOZIN ON THYROID FUNCTION TEST IN DIABETIC PATIENTS

Hyperglycemia brought on by insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion is a hallmark of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a common metabolic disease. By increasing the excretion of glucose in the urine, dapagliflozin, an inhibitor of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2), lowers blood glucose levels and may have other systemic effects.

The purpose of this study was to assess how dapagliflozin affected glycemic control, thyroid function, and serum vitamin D₃ levels while looking into potential age and gender effects.

Thirty T2DM patients who had previously received metformin treatment (18 men and 12 women, ages 31 to 70) were enlisted. In addition to metformin, each participant received 10 mg of dapagliflozin daily for eight weeks. Using chemiluminescent and ELISA assays, serum levels of HbA₁c, triiodothyronine (T₃), thyroxine (T₄), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and vitamin D₃ were assessed both before and after treatment.

Although, changes in T₄, TSH, and vitamin D₃ were not statistically significant, dapagliflozin significantly decreased HbA₁c and T₃ levels. While HbA₁c showed a near-borderline difference between sexes (p≈0.10) and vitamin D₃ showed a mild age-related trend (p≈0.07), neither gender nor age significantly affected any of the parameters.

Dapagliflozin's main effect appears to be on peripheral metabolic regulation rather than endocrine hormone synthesis, as evidenced by the fact that it successfully improved glycemic control without substantially changing thyroid or vitamin D₃ levels. Dapagliflozin's stable therapeutic profile is highlighted by the consistent biochemical responses across age and gender, which calls for additional research with bigger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods.