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Non-covalent binding interactions between soluble dietary fibers and brown sugar polyphenols affect their inhibitory
Jie Wang1, Chunqiu Lv2, Yanyan Bi3
1College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China; Guilin Product Quality Inspection Institute, Guilin, 541005, Guangxi, China.
Abstract:
Soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) and polyphenols inhibit α-glucosidase, and their coexistence in foods could interactively affect their inhibition activity. This study investigated the α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of four SDFs (polygalacturonic acid, xylan, oat β-glucan, and dextran) individually, as well as in combination with brown sugar polyphenols (BSPs, which include chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid), to assess their interactive effects on inhibition. The evaluation was conducted through the analysis of half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD), Molecular Mechanic/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA), inhibition kinetics, and fluorescence quenching. Polygalacturonic acid and xylan inhibited the enzyme with IC50 values of 4.68 mg/mL and 10.44 mg/mL, respectively, while oat β-glucan and dextran showed no inhibition. The combination of polygalacturonic acid and xylan with BSPs significantly enhanced α-glucosidase inhibition. Notably, polygalacturonic acid combined with chlorogenic acid showed an IC50 of 0.45 mg/mL, lower than acarbose (0.61 mg/mL). However, oat β-glucan and dextran combined with BSPs reduced the individual potency of BSPs. The enhancement and attenuation may result from SDF-BSP interactions, as evidenced by inhibition kinetics and fluorescence quenching analyses. Furthermore, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, and molecular docking analyses showed that SDFs interact with BSPs via non-covalent bonds. This study is valuable for both SDFs and BSPs as natural inhibitors of α-glucosidase.
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