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Food Intake and Physical Activity Patterns Among University Undergraduate Students at Risk of Eating Disorders
Maria Antònia Amengual-Llofriu1,2, Antoni Aguiló1,3, Pedro Tauler3,4
1Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles and Health, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Crta de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
University students at risk for eating disorders (EDs) show healthier diet and physical activity (PA) patterns, often driven by body image concerns. These apparent health behaviors should not rule out potential ED risk.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Sports Medicine
- Psychology
Background:
- University students face heightened risks of unhealthy eating and body image dissatisfaction.
- Lifestyle factors and eating disorders (EDs) have a complex, sometimes paradoxical relationship.
- Healthier lifestyle choices may inadvertently correlate with increased ED risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze physical activity (PA) and dietary patterns in university students with and without ED risk.
- To examine motivations for PA and its association with diet quality in this population.
- To identify lifestyle indicators associated with ED risk among students.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 1982 undergraduate students (aged 18-30).
- Data collected via self-reported questionnaires on dietary intake, diet quality, PA levels, and motivations.
- Analysis focused on comparing lifestyle indicators between students with and without ED risk.
Main Results:
- Students at ED risk reported higher diet quality, including greater Mediterranean diet adherence and consumption of fruits, vegetables, and lean meats.
- Participants with ED risk engaged in more frequent and longer weekly PA sessions, motivated primarily by physical appearance.
- PA was positively associated with Mediterranean diet adherence in students without ED risk, but not in those with ED risk.
Conclusions:
- Students at ED risk display healthier dietary and PA patterns, likely influenced by body image concerns and avoidance of energy-dense foods.
- Apparent healthy lifestyle behaviors in students should not be misinterpreted as indicators of no ED risk.
- The study highlights the need for nuanced assessment of lifestyle factors in identifying ED risk in university students.
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