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Related Concept Videos

Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

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RETRACTED: Atta et al. Effect of Montmorillonite Nanogel Composite Fillers on the Protection Performance of Epoxy Coatings on Steel Pipelines. <i>Molecules</i> 2017, <i>22</i>, 905.

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Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications
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Gold Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications: Synthesis, Functionalization, and Recent Advances.

Massa Zahdeh1, Rafik Karaman1,2

  • 1Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem 20002, Palestine.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have evolved from basic tools to sophisticated nanosystems for advanced biomedical applications. This review highlights their transition, showcasing improved synthesis and diverse therapeutic and diagnostic uses in nanomedicine.

Keywords:
AuNP synthesisadvanced nanotechnologyfunctionalizationgold nanoparticlesgreen synthesisnanomedicine

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomedicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) possess significant biomedical potential and FDA approval.
  • Their unique properties enable applications in tumor targeting, photothermal therapy, imaging, and personalized medicine.
  • AuNPs are recognized as transformative tools in the field of nanomedicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare conventional and advanced gold nanoparticle synthesis and functionalization methods.
  • To assess the evolution of gold nanoparticle applications in biomedicine.
  • To highlight the shift towards sophisticated, multifunctional nanosystems.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of major scientific databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect).
  • Focus on studies published between 2018-2025, including landmark papers for classical synthesis.
  • Keywords included gold nanoparticles, synthesis, functionalization, and advanced biomedical applications.

Main Results:

  • Advanced synthesis methods like green and microfluidic synthesis offer improvements over standard approaches.
  • Gold nanoparticles are increasingly used in complex applications such as multiplex imaging, targeted therapy, and CRISPR-related gene editing.
  • The field has advanced from basic diagnostics and drug delivery to sophisticated theranostics and spectral CT imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Gold nanoparticles have evolved into advanced, multifunctional nanosystems for biomedical use.
  • This review provides a novel comparison of sophisticated AuNP techniques against conventional methods in biomedical contexts.
  • The findings underscore the dynamic progression of AuNPs in nanomedicine.