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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing the Analysis of Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Proteome for Cardiovascular Biomarker Studies
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Author Spotlight: Advancing the Analysis of Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Proteome for Cardiovascular Biomarker Studies

Published on: January 31, 2025

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Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Tools for Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure: Extracellular

Jinpeng Sun1,2,3, Dongli Zhou1,2,3, Min Cheng1,2,3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 10, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from various heart cells drive pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. These EVs also show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic tools for cardiovascular disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Cell Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally.
  • Pathological cardiac hypertrophy precedes heart failure (HF), a condition with high morbidity and mortality.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of intercellular communication, carrying molecular cargo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To dissect the cell-type-specific roles of EVs in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and HF.
  • To evaluate EVs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic vectors for cardiovascular disease.
  • To provide a mechanistic-to-translational perspective on EV applications in cardiovascular medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical synthesis of existing evidence.
  • Analysis of EV roles from cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, immune cells, and adipocytes.
  • Evaluation of EV engineering for targeted delivery and translational challenges.

Main Results:

  • EVs from different cardiac cell types orchestrate maladaptive remodeling during hypertrophy and HF.
  • EVs possess potential as diagnostic biomarkers reflecting cellular states.
  • Engineered EVs offer potential as targeted therapeutic delivery systems.

Conclusions:

  • EVs play dynamic, cell-specific roles in the progression from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure.
  • EVs represent a promising avenue for both diagnosis and therapy in cardiovascular medicine.
  • Further research and overcoming translational challenges are crucial for realizing the therapeutic potential of EVs.

Keywords:
cardiac hypertrophyexosomesextracellular vesiclesheart failuremicroRNA

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