An Integrated Multi-Omics Study of Mammalian Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Muscles

Area of Science:

• Comparative genomics
• Muscle physiology
• Molecular biology

Background:

• Muscle tissue classification includes smooth, cardiac, and skeletal types.
• Limited studies exist on the evolutionary conservation of molecular differences among muscle types.

Purpose of the Study:

• To define molecular landscapes of smooth, cardiac, and skeletal muscle tissues.
• To investigate evolutionary conservation of molecular differences.
• To characterize skeletal muscle metabolic heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

• Multi-omics profiling (transcriptome, proteome, metabolome) in pigs and mice.
• Comparative analysis of gene and metabolite enrichment across muscle tissues.
• Identification of tissue-specific and fiber-type-specific molecules.

Main Results:

• Identified 207 genes enriched in striated muscle, including LRRC2 and PPP1R14C.
• Discovered conserved, tissue-specific genes and metabolites: skeletal (121 genes, 6 metabolites), cardiac (57 genes), smooth muscle (349 genes, 11 metabolites).
• Highlighted unannotated gene LRRC20 in skeletal and cardiac muscle, and 10-Deacetylbaccatin III in fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibers.

Conclusions:

• Provided a comprehensive molecular resource for muscle tissue research.
• Identified novel genes (e.g., LRRC20) and metabolites (e.g., 10-Deacetylbaccatin III) as potential research targets.
• Results support applications in medicine and agricultural science.