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Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.

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Updated: Apr 8, 2026

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Published on: April 27, 2018

In Situ Metal Sulfide-Modified N/S-Doped Carbon for High-Performance Oxygen Reduction.

Mingyuan Zhang^1,2, Jinru Wang^1,3, Caihan Zhu¹

¹Materials Tech Laboratory for Hydrogen & Energy Storage, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|January 10, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new catalyst for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) using nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon nanosheets. This durable, non-precious metal catalyst shows high efficiency for fuel cell technology.

Keywords:

N/S co-doped fuel cell non-noble metal catalysts oxygen reduction reaction transition metal sulfides

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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Published on: December 6, 2021

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Catalysis

Background:

Developing efficient and durable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts is critical for advancing fuel cell technology and sustainable energy conversion.
Non-precious metal catalysts are highly sought after to replace expensive platinum-based catalysts.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize ZIF-derived nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon nanosheets embedded with in situ generated ZnS and Co9S8 nanoparticles.
To investigate the synergistic effects of heteroatom doping and metal sulfide modification on catalyst performance.

Main Methods:

Scalable synthesis of ZIF-derived carbon nanosheets.
Incorporation of nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms.
In situ generation of ZnS and Co9S8 nanoparticles.
Electrochemical characterization of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).

Main Results:

The optimized catalyst demonstrated a half-wave potential of 0.83 V vs. RHE, comparable to commercial Pt/C.
Achieved excellent 4e- ORR selectivity.
Exhibited exceptional stability with only ~15 mV degradation after 10,000 cycles.

Conclusions:

Nitrogen-sulfur co-doping combined with in situ metal sulfide addition is an effective strategy for designing highly active and durable non-precious metal ORR catalysts.
The synthetic concept offers practical guidance for scalable preparation of multifunctional nanomaterial-based catalysts for electrochemical energy applications.