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Performance of Warm Mix Asphalt with Polymer Modified RAP Using Recycled Engine Oil and SBS Binder Modification.

Byung-Sik Ohm1, Tri Ho Minh Le2

  • 1Department of Highway & Transportation Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyangdae-Ro, Ilsanseo-Gu, Goyang-si 10223, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea.

Polymers
|January 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a hybrid approach using recycled engine oil waste (REOW) and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) to enhance warm-mix asphalt (WMA) with aged reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). The method effectively restores aged polymer-modified binder (PMB) properties for high-performance WMA.

Keywords:
SBS polymermechanical performancepolymer-modified RAPrecycled engine oilrheologywarm-mix asphalt

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Sustainable Pavement Technology

Background:

  • Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) use in warm-mix asphalt (WMA) is increasing.
  • Aged polymer-modified binder (PMB) in RAP causes stiffness and cracking issues due to oxidation and degradation.
  • Existing methods struggle to restore aged PMB properties in RAP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a hybrid modification strategy for aged PMB-containing RAP in WMA.
  • To investigate the combined effect of recycled engine oil waste (REOW) and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) on RAP binder and mixture properties.
  • To assess the performance of WMA mixtures with the hybrid-modified RAP.

Main Methods:

  • Binder preparation: Control, REOW-modified, and REOW-SBS hybrid binders using a 70/30 virgin-to-RAP blend.
  • Binder characterization: Rheological analysis and Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) tests.
  • Mixture evaluation: Testing WMA with 30 wt.% RAP for moisture damage (TSR), rutting (Hamburg rut depth), and cracking (SCB fracture energy).

Main Results:

  • REOW softened the binder but decreased elastic recovery; SBS addition restored elastic response.
  • The hybrid system achieved a 83% TSR, ~20% reduction in Hamburg rut depth, and ~30% increase in SCB fracture energy.
  • Performance improvements were observed at both binder and mixture scales.

Conclusions:

  • The hybrid rejuvenation-reinforcement strategy effectively revitalizes aged PMB chemistry and polymer elasticity.
  • This approach enables the production of high-performance WMA using RAP from aged PMB pavements.
  • The study demonstrates a viable solution for incorporating challenging RAP materials into sustainable asphalt mixtures.