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Fractionated Anionic PAM Dosing Under High Salinity: Controlling Floc Growth and Stability.

Jahir Ramos¹, Eder Piceros², Tiare D Medina³

¹Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile.

|January 10, 2026

Summary

Fractional dosing of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) improves mineral processing in seawater. A three-pulse dosing strategy significantly enhances floc settling rates and structural integrity, outperforming single-dose methods.

Keywords:

FBRM adsorption–bridging aggregate density anionic polyacrylamide fractal dimension fractionated dosing seawater flocculation size distributions

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Published on: February 23, 2017

Area of Science:

Mineral Processing
Colloid and Surface Chemistry
Water Treatment

Background:

Seawater use in mineral processing complicates solid-liquid separation due to polymer issues.
Challenges include polymer chain contraction, coagulation, and brittle aggregates.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate fractional dosing of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) for floc formation and sedimentation in seawater.
To compare single-pulse versus multi-pulse dosing strategies for quartz-kaolinite suspensions.

Main Methods:

Fractional dosing of PAM (1-4 pulses) in quartz-kaolinite seawater suspensions.
Analysis using sedimentation assays, FBRM, size distributions, fractal dimensions, and zeta potential.

Main Results:

All fractional dosing schemes outperformed single-pulse dosing.
A three-pulse strategy (0-30-60 s) yielded the highest settling rates and fines reduction.
Multi-pulse dosing resulted in more compact, robust flocs with stepped growth and stable maturation.

Conclusions:

Fractional PAM dosing mitigates issues associated with seawater processing.
Progressive polymer availability enhances bridging efficiency and reduces brittle aggregate formation.
The three-pulse method offers superior performance for solid-liquid separation in high-salinity conditions.