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Prevalence and Impact of Urinary Incontinence at 5-10 Years After a Singleton Birth
Lola Serrano-Raya1,2, Ana Esplugues3,4,5, Inmaculada Ferreros Villar6
1Midwifery Training Unit, Valencian Community, Valencian School of Health Studies, Regional Ministry of Health, Calle Juan de Garay 21, 46017 Valencia, Spain.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 10, 2026
Summary
Urinary incontinence (UI) affects over half of primiparous women post-childbirth. Risk factors include vaginal delivery and family history, while cesarean delivery may be protective. Early detection and prevention strategies are crucial.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Urology
- Public Health
Background:
- Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common issue affecting women post-childbirth.
- Understanding prevalence and risk factors in primiparous women is essential for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of UI in primiparous women years after childbirth.
- To identify risk factors and assess the impact of UI on quality of life.
Main Methods:
- An ambispective observational cohort study was conducted.
- Participants were primiparous women 5-10 years postpartum.
- UI was assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF).
Main Results:
- Over half (53.6%) of the 425 women studied reported UI.
- Cesarean delivery was associated with a lower risk of UI (aOR=0.52).
- Family history of UI and pre-existing medical conditions increased UI risk (aOR=2.03 and aOR=1.58, respectively).
Conclusions:
- Vaginal delivery, family history, and chronic diseases are linked to UI in primiparous women.
- A significant discrepancy exists between self-reported UI and questionnaire-based assessment.
- Further development of evidence-based detection and prevention strategies is recommended.
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