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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Flavonoid Content During the Growth and Floral Development of Calendula officinalis L.
Published on: June 27, 2025
An undescribed biflavone from coastal halophyte Suaeda maritima subsp. salsa (L.) Soó
Di Zhang1,2, Yujiang Dai1, Xin Wang1
1Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, PR China.
Abstract:
The halophyte Suaeda maritima subsp. salsa (L.) Soó has been utilised as a traditional medicinal herb in China. Its phytochemical profile remains inadequately elucidated to date. In this study, twelve compounds, including one previously undescribed biflavonoid, 3'-methoxy-4',4'″,5,5″-tetrahydroxy-[C7-O-C7″]-biflavone (1), and eleven known compounds (2∼12), were isolated from the whole plant of S. salsa. Their structures were fully determined via NMR, MS data analysis and literature comparison. The anti-microbial assay revealed that compounds 1, 9, and 12 exhibited an inhibitory effect against P. aeruginosa with an MIC of 25 μg/mL. Additionally, compounds 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 displayed potent inhibitory activity against the growth of E. coli, with their MIC values ranging from 12.5 to 25 μg/mL. Furthermore, compound 1 showed the cytotoxic activity against human SGC-7901 cells with an IC50 of 89.04 ± 0.26 μm. Biflavonoid 1 represents the first reported occurrence of this class of compounds within the genus Suaeda.
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