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Reference data for peripheral quantitative computed tomography for assessment of bone geometry and strength in Indian
Anuradha Khadilkar1, Chirantap Oza2, Neha Kajale1
1Department of Paediatric growth and Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule University, Pune, India.
Introduction:
Currently, there is a paucity of data for bone geometry and strength parameters for Indian children. This is essential because of differences in stature, body composition, and bone outcomes between Indian children and Western populations on which existing reference data are based. As dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is size dependent, we conducted the present study with the objective of generating age and sex-specific reference centile curves for peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) for Indian children and adolescents.
Methods:
A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted from November 2017 to July 2022 on 961 (501 boys) healthy children aged 8 to 18 years from Pune, India. The XCT-2000 pQCT scanner (Stratec Inc, GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany) was used to measure volumetric trabecular density at 4 % site and volumetric cortical density, polar stress-strain index, cortical thickness, and muscle area at 66 % site of left radius.
Results:
We have presented percentile curves for total, trabecular, and cortical density for age, as well as cortical area and cortical thickness for height. A maximum increase in total volumetric density to the preceding age group of 10.7 % was observed in boys at the age of 17 years, whereas a maximum increase of 8 % was observed in girls at the age of 15 years. Average increase in trabecular density was 0.2 % per year. Cortical density was significantly higher in girls (8.7 %) from the age of 13 years as compared to boys. Cortical thickness was significantly higher in girls (13.3 %) as compared to boys at 12 years, while it was higher in boys (9.1 %) at 16 years and 18 years. A steep increase was observed in the cortical area for height and cortical thickness for height in both sexes.
Conclusion:
We have established reference curves for pQCT parameters in Indian children and adolescents to aid in the assessment of pediatric bone geometry.
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