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Rhabdomyolysis due to influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus co-infection: a case report
1Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China.
Background:
Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition characterized by muscle necrosis and the release of intracellular contents into the bloodstream. Viral infections are among the most common causes of rhabdomyolysis in children. Rhabdomyolysis associated with influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus co-infection is exceedingly rare, particularly in infants.
Case Presentation:
We report a case of a 6-month-old infant Han Chinese boy. He presented with fever, cough, irritability, dark urine, and significantly elevated levels of creatine kinase and myoglobin. A respiratory pathogen test was positive for influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus.The diagnosis was bronchopneumonia and rhabdomyolysis. Early identification, active fluid resuscitation, and supportive care led to good results.
Conclusion:
This case underscores the importance of considering rhabdomyolysis in infants with viral infections, especially during the flu season, and highlights the need for timely diagnosis and management to prevent severe complications.
Insights
This case report highlights a rare instance of rhabdomyolysis in an infant due to co-infection with influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus. Prompt diagnosis and supportive care were crucial for a positive outcome in this pediatric case.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Rhabdomyolysis, a serious condition involving muscle breakdown, is often caused by viral infections in children.
- Co-infection with influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus leading to rhabdomyolysis is exceptionally uncommon, especially in infants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report an exceedingly rare case of rhabdomyolysis in an infant.
- To emphasize the diagnostic and management considerations for viral-induced rhabdomyolysis in young children.
Main Methods:
- A case study of a 6-month-old infant presenting with symptoms suggestive of rhabdomyolysis and viral illness.
- Diagnostic workup included clinical examination, laboratory tests for creatine kinase and myoglobin, and respiratory pathogen testing.
- Treatment focused on early identification, aggressive fluid resuscitation, and comprehensive supportive care.
Main Results:
- The infant was diagnosed with bronchopneumonia and rhabdomyolysis.
- Respiratory pathogen testing confirmed co-infection with influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus.
- The patient experienced a favorable outcome following timely and appropriate medical intervention.
Conclusions:
- Rhabdomyolysis should be considered in infants presenting with viral infections, particularly during peak respiratory virus seasons.
- Early diagnosis and prompt management are vital to mitigate potential severe complications of rhabdomyolysis in infants.
- This case adds to the limited literature on influenza A and RSV co-infection-induced rhabdomyolysis in pediatric populations.
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