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Related Concept Videos

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
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Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
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Bladder dysfunction in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A narrative review.

R R Kikkert1, J M Fock2, G J F J Bos3

  • 1Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Groningen, the Netherlands.

Journal of Pediatric Urology
|January 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) frequently causes urinary and bowel problems. This review highlights high rates of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and defecation issues, urging multidisciplinary care.

Keywords:
Bladder dysfunctionDuchenne muscular dystrophyLower urinary tract symptomsUrodynamic investigations

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive skeletal muscle disorder.
  • Urological complications in DMD include detrusor overactivity, bladder hypocontractility, urinary incontinence, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, and urolithiasis.
  • This review focuses on bladder dysfunction management in DMD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), defecation problems, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and urolithiasis in children with DMD.
  • To assess the impact of urological problems on the quality of life in children with DMD.
  • To provide recommendations for bladder dysfunction management in DMD.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science.
  • Nine non-randomized studies were selected following PRISMA guidelines and analyzed using the PICO framework.
  • Study quality was validated using MINORS criteria.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of LUTS in DMD patients ranged from 32% to 85%, with hesitancy, urgency, incontinence, and frequency being most common.
  • Concomitant defecation problems were reported in 32% to 70% of patients.
  • Information regarding UTIs, urolithiasis, quality of life, and treatment outcomes was sparse.

Conclusions:

  • DMD is associated with a high prevalence of urological complications, particularly LUTS and defecation issues.
  • There is a significant lack of data on UTIs, urolithiasis, quality of life, and treatment efficacy in DMD.
  • Multidisciplinary management, including pediatric urologists, is recommended for addressing LUTS and bowel dysfunction in DMD.