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TGF-β-Dependent α11 Integrin Expression Is Reduced in Aging Gingival Wounds.

Susana Ríos1, Yongqiang Wang2, Valeria Muñoz1

  • 1School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de, Santiago, Chile.

Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [And] the European Tissue Repair Society
|January 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging impairs gingival healing by reducing TGF-β1 signaling, which diminishes α11 integrin expression in fibroblasts and collagen organization in wounds.

Keywords:
agingcollagenconnective tissuefibroblastsintegrinswound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Connective Tissue Biology
  • Wound Healing Research

Background:

  • Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) regulates α11 integrin, a key collagen receptor vital for wound repair.
  • Impaired wound healing in aging mammals suggests age-related changes in TGF-β signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how aging affects TGF-β-mediated α11 integrin expression during gingival repair.
  • To elucidate the role of reduced TGF-β signaling in impaired connective tissue healing in aged individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Primary human gingival fibroblasts from young and aged donors were analyzed for integrin and TGF-β expression via RT-qPCR and Western blot.
  • TGF-β activity was assessed using a gene reporter assay, and ELISA quantified TGF-β isoforms.
  • Gingival wound healing was evaluated in young and aged mice, quantifying collagen and α11 integrin levels.

Main Results:

  • Older donors' fibroblasts showed significantly reduced α11 integrin and TGF-β1 expression and activity compared to younger donors.
  • TGF-β1 treatment increased α11 integrin expression in young fibroblasts but not in aged ones.
  • Aged mice exhibited decreased collagen deposition, organization, and lower α11 integrin and TGF-β1 levels in gingival wounds.

Conclusions:

  • Aging is linked to decreased TGF-β1 expression and signaling in gingival fibroblasts, leading to reduced α11 integrin expression.
  • This impaired TGF-β1-dependent α11 integrin signaling pathway is a potential mechanism underlying diminished gingival connective tissue repair in aging.
  • Findings highlight the critical role of TGF-β1 and α11 integrin in age-related changes in tissue repair.