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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Author Spotlight: Optimizing CFU Determination for Efficient Assessment of TB Vaccine Efficacy and Antigen Presentation Analysis
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Determination of Gut Microbiome Patterns Associated with Developing Active Tuberculosis in a Case-Control Study.

Manoj Sahu1, Gaurav Agarwal2, Gaurav Jain3

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences
|January 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Active tuberculosis (TB) is linked to gut dysbiosis, with lower microbial diversity and altered bacterial composition observed in TB patients. These gut microbiome changes may offer insights for TB diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
16S rRNA sequencingdysbiosisgut microbiomemicrobial diversitytuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The gut microbiome significantly impacts systemic immunity and susceptibility to infectious diseases like tuberculosis (TB).
  • Understanding gut microbial profiles in TB patients is crucial for identifying disease-associated signatures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare gut microbial profiles between individuals with active pulmonary TB and healthy controls.
  • To identify potential microbial signatures associated with active TB development.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 45 treatment-naïve TB patients and 45 healthy controls.
  • Stool sample analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing to assess microbial diversity and composition.
  • Statistical analysis including Mann-Whitney U tests and LEfSe for differential taxa identification.

Main Results:

  • TB patients exhibited significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon index) compared to controls (P < 0.001).
  • A higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria was observed in TB cases.
  • Controls showed greater abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, indicating a pro-inflammatory gut microbiota shift in active TB.

Conclusions:

  • Active tuberculosis is associated with gut microbial dysbiosis, characterized by reduced diversity and altered bacterial composition.
  • Identified microbial signatures may aid in the early diagnosis of TB.
  • Gut microbiome alterations present potential targets for future microbiome-based interventions for TB.