Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue in aesthetic medicine

Aesthetic medicine is a branch of medicine dedicated to improve an individual's appearance and overall visual appeal. Conventional aesthetic treatments have limitations, including the risk of complications, allergic reactions, and temporary benefits. Adipose tissue offers a promising alternative to conventional aesthetic treatments. The regenerative properties, accessibility and versatility of adipose tissue make it an attractive option for individuals seeking natural and long-lasting aesthetic results. Adipose tissue is rich source of adipose tissue derived stem cells (ASCs), growth factors and extracellular matrix. It can restore and rejuvenate the damaged and aged tissues. Adipose tissue can be used in different formats such as pure adipose tissue grafts, stromal vascular fraction, nanofat, macrofat, microfat and as a pure population of ASCs. In addition, ASC derived exosomes offer a unique cell-free therapy advantages bioactive molecules like growth factors, cytokines, and microRNAs to stimulate collagen production, improve skin texture, and address pigmentation issues. This review highlights the multifaceted potential of adipose tissue in aesthetic medicine. It discusses its diverse applications, the biological mechanisms involved, and emerging therapeutic approaches. Moreover, this review also highlights the challenges and future direction of using adipose tissue-based therapies for aesthetic treatments.