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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
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Notch2 Directs aTreg Cell Fate Toward Immunoregulation or Inflammatory Pyroptosis.

Yue-Long Qiao1, Shan Xu1, You Zou1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|January 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Notch2 maintains the immune-suppressing function of activated regulatory T cells (aTregs). Loss of Notch2 triggers pyroptosis in aTregs, worsening allergic rhinitis (AR) inflammation.

Keywords:
Foxo1Notch2RREB1activated tregallergic rhinitispyroptosis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Mechanisms

Background:

  • Activated regulatory T cells (aTregs) are crucial for suppressing inflammation and tissue repair.
  • The specific role of Notch2 in aTreg function and allergic rhinitis (AR) pathogenesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which Notch2 regulates aTreg function.
  • To determine Notch2's role in the development of allergic rhinitis (AR).

Main Methods:

  • Targeted knockout of Notch2 in aTregs.
  • Analysis of Foxo1 expression, ASC phosphorylation, and pyroptosis markers (GSDMD-N).
  • Investigated protein-protein interactions between NICD2 and RREB1.
  • Adoptive transfer of Notch2+ aTregs in a mouse model of AR.

Main Results:

  • Notch2 knockout in aTregs led to reduced Foxo1, increased p-ASC, and pyroptosis via GSDMD-N.
  • Notch2 intracellular domain (NICD2) interaction with RREB1 enhanced Foxo1 transcriptional activity.
  • Adoptive transfer of Notch2+ aTregs suppressed Th2 inflammation in AR mice.

Conclusions:

  • Notch2 is essential for maintaining aTreg immunoregulatory capacity.
  • Notch2 prevents aTreg pyroptosis, thereby mitigating AR.
  • Notch2 signaling offers a potential therapeutic target for AR.