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Rotational Load Fatigue Performance of Ti-6Al-4V ELI Implants with One-Size Implant-Abutment Connection
The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
|January 12, 2026
Summary
Dental implant fatigue performance was tested across various diameters and neck designs. No significant differences were found, but abutment and screw fractures occurred, potentially complicating prosthesis replacement.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Mechanical Engineering
Background:
- Titanium alloys like Ti-6Al-4V ELI are widely used in dental implants due to their biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
- The one-size implant-abutment (OSIA) connection aims to simplify the implant-abutment interface.
- Understanding the fatigue performance of different implant configurations is crucial for long-term clinical success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the rotational load fatigue performance of Ti-6Al-4V ELI dental implants with varying diameters and neck designs.
- To assess the influence of implant diameter (narrow, regular, wide) and neck design (RG, PX) on fatigue life within an OSIA system.
- To identify the failure modes under cyclic loading conditions.
Main Methods:
- Six groups of Ti-6Al-4V ELI implants (3.4mm, 4.0mm, 4.6mm diameters; RG and PX neck designs) were tested using a rotational load fatigue machine.
- Specimens were subjected to a sinusoidal load at 45°, creating a 35Ncm bending moment at 10Hz.
- Number of cycles to failure was recorded, and failure modes were analyzed using SEM and cross-sectioning.
Main Results:
- All 30 specimens failed, with mean cycles ranging from 523,674 to 1,282,373.
- No implant fractures occurred; failure consistently involved abutment fracture at the implant platform, accompanied by screw fracture.
- Two-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in fatigue life based on implant diameter (P=.272) or neck design (P=.861).
Conclusions:
- Implant diameter and neck design did not significantly affect the fatigue performance of Ti-6Al-4V ELI implants with an OSIA connection.
- The predominant failure mode was abutment and screw fracture, which may pose challenges for prosthesis retrieval and replacement.
- Further investigation into optimizing implant-abutment interface design is warranted to mitigate failure risks.
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