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NIR-Actuated Morphodynamic 2D Nanopatches for Interface-Programmed Immunoactivation and Tumor Regression.

Ye Wu1, Wencong Jia1, Tianlai Xia2

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A novel light-responsive nanopatch platform dynamically changes shape to enhance cancer cell membrane disruption. This controlled approach boosts tumor antigen release and immune cell activity for improved cancer immunotherapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Cancer Immunotherapy
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Tumor immunotherapy faces challenges with limited antigen exposure and immunosuppressive microenvironments.
  • Precise spatiotemporal control of immunostimulatory effects is crucial for effective cancer treatment.
  • Developing advanced platforms for modulating immune responses within the tumor microenvironment is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a light-responsive "dynamic nanopatch" platform for immunoactivation.
  • To enable morphology-directed and interface-programmed immune responses against tumors.
  • To overcome limitations in current cancer immunotherapy strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a nanopatch from crystalline poly(ε-caprolactone) with photothermal elements.
  • Utilized near-infrared (NIR) light to trigger a morphology transition from 2D to 0D.
  • Investigated the nanopatch's interaction with cancer cell membranes for antigen release and immune activation.

Main Results:

  • The nanopatch demonstrated a NIR-triggered transition from planar to spherical.
  • NIR irradiation induced nanopatch adhesion, deformation, and internalization by tumor cells.
  • This process enhanced tumor-associated antigen and damage-associated molecular pattern release, initiating immunogenic cell death.
  • Activated antigen-presenting cells led to increased adaptive immune engagement and T-cell infiltration.

Conclusions:

  • The morphodynamic nanopatch provides a controllable strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
  • Interface-programmed functionalities offer a new paradigm for precision medicine.
  • This platform has broad implications for biomaterial engineering and therapeutic development.