Cutaneous Amyloidosis: An Updated Approach Focusing on Macular Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis is formed following deposition of protein aggregates and is classified by systemic or cutaneous deposition.

These aggregates can be distributed in different organs such as the heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, and skin. Primary cutaneous amyloidosis has been classified into three groups: macular, lichen, and nodular, the former two being one often overlapping process, and the latter a localized plasma dyscrasia with a small risk of representing a systemic disease.

Historically, cutaneous amyloidosis has been misdiagnosed, and most treatment regimens have been ineffective or only provide supportive management, such as decreasing pruritus. The current standard of care, high-potency corticosteroids, can provide symptomatic relief. Newer therapies may decrease amyloid deposition and progression of disease.