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Activating Solid-State Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion via Bulky Annihilators.

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Solid-state triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) was achieved in stable organic materials. Molecular design strategies enhanced upconversion quantum yields, paving the way for efficient solid-state applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photochemistry
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) converts low-energy photons to higher energy, with applications in various fields.
  • Solid-state TTA-UC is crucial for many applications, but research has primarily focused on solution-based systems.
  • Diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) and dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones (DPNDs) are known for singlet fission but less explored for TTA-UC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for activating solid-state TTA-UC in DPP and DPND materials.
  • To enhance TTA-UC efficiency through molecular design, specifically using bulky alkyl moieties.
  • To achieve efficient solid-state TTA-UC in stable organic derivatives.

Main Methods:

  • Designing and synthesizing DPP and DPND derivatives with bulky alkyl groups.
  • Optimizing thin-film fabrication for TTA-UC.
  • Characterizing the upconversion properties and quantum yields of the developed materials.

Main Results:

  • Successful activation of solid-state TTA-UC in DPP and DPND derivatives.
  • Demonstrated progressive enhancement of TTA-UC yields by incorporating bulky alkyl moieties.
  • Achieved solid-state TTA-UC quantum yields up to 1.5% in optimized thin films.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular design of TTA-UC materials is a powerful strategy for achieving efficient solid-state upconversion.
  • The developed approach enables high-performance solid-state TTA-UC in stable organic materials.
  • This work represents a significant step toward realizing the potential of TTA-UC in diverse applications.