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As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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Insulation coordination is the process of matching electric equipment's insulation strength with protective device characteristics to protect the equipment against expected overvoltages. This selection is based on engineering judgment and cost. Equipment can generally withstand short-duration high transient overvoltages, but repeated tests with identical waveforms can yield inconsistent results. As a result, standard impulse voltage waveforms are used for testing, defined by specific times...
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Bioinspired Radiative Cooling Materials: From Design Principles to Building Energy Savings.

Yang Wang1,2, Wei Chen1,2, Feilong Zhang1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bioinspired radiative cooling (RC) materials offer a zero-energy solution for building temperature regulation, reducing carbon emissions. This review explores advances in bioinspired RC materials, from design to application, addressing challenges for wider adoption.

Keywords:
bioinspired materialsbiological structurebuildingdynamic thermal regulationenergy savingmachine learningradiative coolingresponsive

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Architecture
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Buildings account for over one-third of global energy use, with rising cooling demands exacerbating energy consumption and carbon emissions.
  • Radiative cooling (RC) materials present a sustainable, zero-energy solution for building temperature regulation, aligning with decarbonization goals.
  • Practical application of RC materials is limited by diverse functional requirements across different building components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in bioinspired radiative cooling (RC) materials for building energy savings.
  • To explore the design principles, material selection, and application-specific requirements of bioinspired RC materials.
  • To outline future challenges and prospects for the real-world implementation of RC materials in buildings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of bioinspired structural design and material selection for static and dynamic RC materials.
  • Analysis of specific performance requirements for RC materials in roofs, walls, and windows.
  • Summary of performance assessment methodologies, including optical metrics and building-specific evaluations.
  • Exploration of machine learning applications in the discovery and design of RC materials.

Main Results:

  • Bioinspired design strategies enable the development of RC materials tailored for specific building components (roofs, walls, windows).
  • Key performance metrics and building-specific evaluations are crucial for assessing RC material efficacy.
  • Machine learning accelerates the discovery and structural design of novel RC materials.
  • Integration with other cooling methods and addressing durability are critical for practical adoption.

Conclusions:

  • Bioinspired RC materials show significant promise for sustainable building cooling and energy savings.
  • Tailoring material properties to specific building applications is essential for effective implementation.
  • Further research and development, including intelligent integration and addressing practical challenges, are needed for widespread adoption of RC technologies.