[Dynamics Evolution and Driving Factors Interaction Effects of Ecosystem Services in the Wuling Mountain Area]

Understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of ecosystem services in key areas and the interaction effects of their drivers will help formulate precise ecosystem management plans and promote the sustainable supply of regional ecosystem services. Taking the Wuling Mountain Area as an example， the InVEST model was used to evaluate the four key ecosystem services in the area， and the MESLI was constructed. Then， the importance and interaction effects of MESLI drivers were analyzed using XGBoost-SHAP， and the influence threshold of the drivers was clarified by RCS. The results showed that： ① From 2001 to 2020， the ecosystem services in the Wuling Mountain Area showed an overall upward trend， and the mean value of MESLI increased from 1.768 to 1.992， and there was significant spatial heterogeneity， with a low spatial distribution in the southeast and west and a high distribution in the north and south. ② The main driving factor affecting MESLI was annual precipitation， which contributed 0.16， followed by the proportion of cultivated land with 0.11. ③ There was a significant interaction between the driving factors. In the area with a high proportion of cultivated land， with the increase in vegetation coverage and slope， the negative impact on MESLI weakened and gradually changed to a positive effect. In areas with many human footprints， the negative impact on MESLI weakened with the increase in slope and vegetation coverage and gradually changed to a positive impact. In areas with low vegetation coverage， the impact on MESLI changed from negative to positive when the slope increased by a certain value. ④ The thresholds of the driving factors on MESLI under the influence of interaction were as follows： cultivated land area proportion （22.91%）， annual precipitation （1 542.47 mm）， vegetation coverage （0.63）， slope （15.17°）， potential evapotranspiration （957.93 mm）， annual average temperature （15.26℃）， elevation （653.96 m）， and human footprint （11.56）. The results of this study provide a methodological reference and decision-making basis for the formulation of ecosystem management measures in the Wuling Mountain Area.