Successful Treatment with Surgical Resection for Nocardia cyriacigeorgica Infection in Pulmonary Sequestration

Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital lung malformation involving the systemic arterial blood. Infection is a common complication; however, Nocardia infection is rare. We report the case of a 55-year-old immunocompetent male with recurrent infection of a pulmonary cyst in the left lower lobe. Despite the use of empirical antibiotics, the inflammation recurred. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography confirmed pulmonary sequestration, and bronchoscopy revealed Nocardia cyriacigeorgica. Although trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was effective, it was discontinued because of severe drug-induced rash. Surgical resection resolved the infection without the use of long-term antibiotics. Timely consideration of surgical intervention may be important for infection control in pulmonary sequestration complicated by Nocardia, especially when antibiotic management is difficult.