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Thermoelectric Property Mapping for High-Performance Integrated MgAgSb-MgCuSb System.

Jiankang Li1,2, Airan Li1, Longquan Wang1

  • 1Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|January 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized thermoelectric materials (TEMs) and interface materials (TEiMs) for efficient energy conversion. A novel MgAgSb-MgCuSb system achieved a peak conversion efficiency of 7.2% in thermoelectric modules.

Keywords:
MgAgSbMgCuSbhigh‐efficiencyinterfacethermoelectric

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Energy Conversion

Background:

  • High conversion efficiency in thermoelectric (TE) modules requires optimizing both thermoelectric materials (TEMs) and thermoelectric interface materials (TEiMs).
  • TEMs need high figure-of-merit (zT), driven by increased power factor (PF) and reduced thermal conductivity (κ).
  • TEiMs require high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity (κ) for efficient energy transfer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated design strategy for high-performance TEMs and compatible TEiMs.
  • To explore the thermoelectric property mapping of the MgAgSb-MgCuSb two-phase system by tuning the Ag/Cu ratio.
  • To fabricate and evaluate a thermoelectric module utilizing the optimized materials.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a thermoelectric property mapping of the integrated MgAgSb-MgCuSb two-phase system.
  • Tuned the Ag/Cu ratio to optimize thermoelectric properties.
  • Fabricated a two-pair thermoelectric module using optimized p-type MgAgSb and n-type Mg3(Sb, Bi)2.

Main Results:

  • Ag-rich compositions (e.g., MgAg0.97Cu0.03Sb) showed superior PF (∼21 µW cm⁻¹ K⁻²) and zT (1.12) for TEMs.
  • Cu-rich composition (MgAg0.05Cu0.95Sb) was identified as optimal TEiM with low contact resistance and excellent transport properties.
  • The fabricated thermoelectric module achieved a peak conversion efficiency of approximately 7.2%.

Conclusions:

  • Synergistic optimization of TEMs and TEiMs was realized through integrated design.
  • The developed MgAgSb-MgCuSb system significantly advances the performance of Mg-based thermoelectric modules.
  • This approach paves the way for efficient and scalable thermoelectric module fabrication.