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Related Concept Videos

Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

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The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
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Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

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The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

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Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
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Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

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Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
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Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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What is Homeostasis?01:16

What is Homeostasis?

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Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously maintain its internal conditions. Each physiological condition has a particular set point, from body temperature to blood pressure to levels of certain nutrients. A set point is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates. A normal range is a restricted set of values that is optimally healthful and stable. For example, the set point for normal human body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F).
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Related Experiment Video

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Field-Based Thermal Physiology Assay: Cold Shock Recovery under Ambient Conditions
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The gene network and knowledge base on human thermoregulation.

E V Ignatieva1, P S Demenkov1, A G Bogomolov1

  • 1Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki I Selektsii
|January 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reconstructs the human thermoregulation gene network, identifying key genes, proteins, and microRNAs involved in maintaining body temperature. The findings highlight the ancient evolutionary origins of these crucial thermoregulation components.

Keywords:
colddatabaseevolutiongene agegene networkheatmicroRNAphylostratigraphy

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Area of Science:

  • Systems Biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Thermoregulation is vital for warm-blooded animals, involving multiple physiological systems.
  • Understanding gene networks is crucial for studying complex biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally reconstruct the human thermoregulation gene network.
  • To create the Termo_Reg_Human 1.0 knowledge base detailing this network.
  • To identify key genes, proteins, and microRNAs regulating human thermoregulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ANDSystem software for automated knowledge extraction from scientific literature and databases.
  • Employed machine learning and artificial intelligence for gene network reconstruction.
  • Applied ANDVisio for prioritizing network components based on functional interactions.

Main Results:

  • Developed the Termo_Reg_Human 1.0 knowledge base with 469 genes, 473 proteins, and 265 microRNAs.
  • Identified key regulatory elements including UCP1, VEGFA, PPARG, DDIT3 genes; STAT3, JUN, VEGFA, TLR4, TNFA proteins; and hsa-mir-335, hsa-mir-26b microRNAs.
  • Revealed enrichment of genes with early evolutionary origins (Unicellular, Vertebrata stages).

Conclusions:

  • The reconstructed network provides a comprehensive resource for human thermoregulation research.
  • Key identified genes, proteins, and microRNAs are critical for thermoregulatory functions.
  • The study underscores the deep evolutionary roots of human thermoregulation mechanisms.