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HLA-F: A Non-Classical Gene With Growing Interest
Nina Grünen1,2, Liane Hey1, Yannik Busch1
1HLA Laboratory of the Stefan Morsch Stiftung, Birkenfeld, Germany.
HLA
|January 15, 2026
Summary
This study developed a long-range PCR assay for the HLA-F gene, revealing new allele frequencies and variations. These findings advance our understanding of HLA-F
Area of Science:
- Immunogenetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The HLA-F gene, a non-classical MHC class Ib molecule, has an unknown function but is crucial in immunity.
- Its role is increasingly recognized in infectious diseases, cancer, transplantation, and autoimmune disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a long-range PCR assay covering the entire HLA-F gene and its UTRs.
- To analyze HLA-F allele frequencies and identify novel variations in a large donor cohort.
Main Methods:
- Developed and verified a 3.8 kb long-range PCR assay for the HLA-F gene.
- Utilized next-generation sequencing (MiSeq) on 763 DNA samples.
- Confirmed novel alleles using Oxford Nanopore sequencing.
Main Results:
- Generated novel data on HLA-F allele frequency distribution.
- Identified several new allelic variations not yet in the IPD-IMGT/HLA Database.
- Assessed linkage disequilibrium between HLA-F, HLA-A, and HLA-E.
Conclusions:
- The developed assay enables comprehensive HLA-F analysis.
- This research expands the known HLA-F genetic landscape.
- Provides foundational data for future studies on HLA-F's immunological roles.
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