Revisiting the ACL reconstruction rehabilitation algorithm: A gait analysis study

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common among young adults, often resulting in knee instability and impacting quality of life. Despite advances in surgical techniques and rehabilitation, patients experience persistent quadriceps weakness, altered gait patterns, and increased risk of osteoarthritis.

This 1-year prospective cohort study investigated knee joint stability and gait patterns in 45 patients within one-year post-ACL reconstruction. Gait analysis was performed using a six-infrared camera system and two force plates. Lysholm knee scoring scale was used to evaluate knee function.

The study's results showed that among 45 ACL reconstruction patients, majority were males (97.78 %) aged 25-29 (33.33 %), with high knee function (average Lysholm score: 95.33 ± 3.47). Gait analysis revealed altered patterns with reduced trunk movement, deviations from normal stride parameters in both limbs. Trunk obliquity and tilt were lower than normal, knee valgus-varus alignment was lower in both limbs, with the operated limb having slightly higher alignment. Knee flexion-extension was lower in the operated limb. The study highlighted altered gait patterns and reduced trunk movement in ACL reconstruction patients.

This study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive rehabilitation programs for ACL reconstruction patients, focusing on hip strengthening exercises to restore optimal gait patterns. Tailored rehabilitation plans with hip physiotherapy can improve hip muscle strength and symmetry, enhancing patient care and long-term success. By integrating these insights, healthcare professionals can provide more effective care, improving patients' quality of life and functional abilities.