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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Anatomy and Physiology01:24

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Human anatomy is the scientific study of the body's structures. Some of these structures are very small and can only be observed and analyzed with the assistance of a microscope. Other larger structures can readily be seen, manipulated, measured, and weighed. The word "anatomy" comes from a Greek root that means "to cut apart." Human anatomy was first studied by observing the body's exterior and the wounds of soldiers and other injuries. Later, physicians were allowed to...
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Anatomical Terminology01:20

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Knowledge of anatomy is essential to understand human biology and medicine. Anatomists and health care professionals use standard terminology to describe the human body with more precision and no ambiguity. Anatomical terms have mostly Greek and Latin-derived roots. Because these languages are rarely used in conversation, the meaning of words remains the same. Each term is made up of a root in between the prefixes and suffixes. The root of a term often refers to an organ, tissue, or condition,...
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Body Planes01:06

Body Planes

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Body planes in anatomy are imaginary flat surfaces used as reference points to divide the body into sections for anatomical study. These planes are essential for understanding the orientation, relationships, and spatial organization of anatomical structures.
The sagittal plane is the plane that divides the body or an organ vertically into right and left sides. If this vertical plane runs directly down the middle of the body resulting in equal division, it is called the midsagittal or median...
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Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

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The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in...
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Regional Terms01:12

Regional Terms

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Regional terms describe anatomy by dividing the body parts into different regions that contain structures involved in contributing similar functions. Using these terms helps increase the accurate description and identification of the particular region of interest or region affected by the disease.
Primarily, the human body has two major regions, the axial and appendicular regions. The axial region comprises regions from the head to the abdomen and makes up the central body axis. In contrast,...
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Skeletal Muscle Anatomy00:55

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Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain
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Diversity in anatomical education.

Erich Brenner1, Ulrike Nachtschatt2, Marko Konschake3

  • 1Institute for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstrasse 59, Innsbruck 6020, Austria; President of the Trans-European Pedagogic Anatomy Research Group (TEPARG, https://teparg.com/), Austria.

Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft
|January 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anatomical education must become more inclusive to reflect patient diversity. Current teaching tools often exclude diverse human representations, perpetuating bias and impacting patient care.

Keywords:
Anatomical educationDiversity and inclusionHealth equity in educationMedical curriculumRepresentation in anatomy

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Anatomy
  • Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI)

Background:

  • Anatomical education is foundational to medical training but often uses narrow representations of the human body.
  • This limited portrayal, typically a healthy, young, white male, fails to reflect patient diversity and perpetuates structural biases.
  • Existing teaching tools like textbooks, digital platforms, and models lack inclusivity across age, sex, race, skin color, health status, and physical ability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critique current anatomical teaching methods for their lack of diversity and inclusion.
  • To examine how anatomical education can evolve to align with DEI principles in medicine.
  • To identify actionable strategies for fostering inclusive, evidence-based anatomical curricula.

Main Methods:

  • Critique of predominant anatomical teaching tools (textbooks, digital platforms, models).
  • Examination of donor-based dissection as a more authentic and diverse representation.
  • Mapping the mismatch between current anatomical imagery and real patient populations.

Main Results:

  • Current anatomical education tools inadequately represent human diversity, contributing to structural biases in medicine.
  • Donor-based dissection offers a more authentic and diverse anatomical representation.
  • Actionable strategies include integrating diverse imagery, developing inclusive materials, and faculty training.

Conclusions:

  • Rethinking anatomy as an inclusive discipline is crucial for improving clinical competence and patient care for diverse populations.
  • Inclusive anatomical education requires a shift in teaching materials and faculty training.
  • Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of inclusive practices on learner outcomes and healthcare delivery.