Influence of Transmucosal Contour on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Dimensions: A Cross-Sectional Study in Posterior...

This study aimed to evaluate how the transmucosal contour of posterior single-tooth implant crowns, fabricated with CAD-CAM abutments, influences peri-implant soft tissue dimensions using the profile angle and crown ratio concepts.

Digital scans of 58 posterior single-tooth implant crowns were analyzed to measure peri-implant soft tissue height, width, crown ratio, and profile angles. Pearson's correlation analysis and independent t tests were performed to assess relationships between morphological parameters and soft tissue dimensions, as well as differences by arch and implant position (p < 0.05).

Significant negative correlations were found between both profile angle and crown ratio and the soft tissue height and width, particularly within the 1-2 mm region above the implant platform (r = -0.873 to -0.719, p < 0.05). Buccal tissue width was greater in the maxilla than in the mandible, while soft tissue height showed no arch-dependent differences. Similar patterns were observed on the lingual aspect.

The profile angle and crown ratio significantly associated with peri-implant soft tissue dimensions in posterior implant restorations. Larger profile angles and crown ratio, especially within the 1-2 mm coronal region, were closely associated with reductions in both soft tissue height and width. These findings demonstrate region-specific associations between crown contour morphology and peri-implant soft tissue dimensions.