Computerized instruments for assessment of executive function: a scoping review with emphasis on game-based...

Area of Science:

• Neuropsychology
• Cognitive Science
• Digital Health

Background:

• Executive functions (EF) are crucial cognitive processes.
• Digital tools offer novel approaches to neuropsychological assessment.
• Existing research lacks a comprehensive overview of computerized EF assessment tools, particularly digital games.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify and characterize computerized neuropsychological instruments for executive function assessment.
• To specifically focus on the role and development of digital games in EF evaluation.
• To map the current landscape and identify gaps in digital EF assessment tools.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review guided by the PRISMA-ScR protocol.
• Searched multiple databases without time restrictions.
• Included 312 studies from an initial pool of 3,347, focusing on computerized tests and digital games for EF assessment.

Main Results:

• Computerized tests (283 studies) are widely used and established, while digital games (29 studies) are less common and exploratory.
• Working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility were the most frequently assessed EF components.
• Significant variation in terminology, technology, and outcome indicators for digital games highlights a lack of standardization; children and adolescents were underrepresented populations.

Conclusions:

• Computerized tests currently dominate research and clinical practice for EF assessment.
• Digital games show promise for engaging EF assessment but require further research to standardize tools and validate psychometric properties.
• Critical gaps exist in the development and implementation of digital tools for comprehensive neuropsychological assessment.