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Health Insurance: Awareness and Coverage in Urban Slums of Northern India
Priya Bansal1, Sangeeta Girdhar1, Anurag Chaudhary1
1Department of Community Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Summary
Many adults are aware of health insurance, but a significant gap exists between awareness and enrollment. Lack of awareness and affordability are key barriers to health insurance coverage.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Economics
Background:
- Rising lifestyle diseases and medical inflation necessitate financial protection.
- Health insurance offers financial security against unexpected medical costs.
- Lack of awareness leaves individuals vulnerable to financial distress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess health insurance awareness and enrollment among adults.
- To identify factors associated with awareness and enrollment.
- To determine barriers to health insurance coverage.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study at an Urban Health Training Centre.
- Inclusion of adult patients (≥25 years) attending OPD.
- Semistructured questionnaire assessing sociodemographics, awareness, and enrollment.
- Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Over 70% demonstrated health insurance awareness, with colleagues as a primary information source.
- Higher education, male gender, and joint family living correlated with increased awareness.
- Enrollment was higher among government employees, highly educated individuals, and those in joint families.
Conclusions:
- A significant disparity exists between health insurance awareness and actual coverage.
- Government schemes and employer mandates drove enrollment.
- Key barriers included lack of awareness, perceived good health, and affordability concerns.
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