Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
09:04

Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 22, 2014

21.4K

TGFβ1 attenuates microglial IL1β release through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome priming

Christopher Kalischer1, Phani Sankar Potru2, Nele Lehmann2

  • 1Institute of Anatomy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.

Frontiers in Immunology
|January 21, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) suppresses inflammasome activation in microglia, reducing neuroinflammation. Silencing microglial TGFβ signaling increases pro-inflammatory gene expression, highlighting TGFβ1

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Microglia reactivity drives neurodegeneration.
  • Inflammasomes, like NLRP3, are key in microglial activation and neuroinflammation.
  • Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) regulates microglial function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate TGFβ1's effect on inflammasome activation in microglia.
  • To elucidate the role of microglial TGFβ signaling in neuroinflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized BV2 cells and primary microglia.
  • Employed qPCR and western blotting to assess gene and protein expression.
  • Used Cx3cr1CreERT2:R26-YFP:Tgfbr2flox/flox mice to study in vivo TGFβ signaling.

Main Results:

  • TGFβ1 inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome components (Nlrp3, Casp1, Il1b).
  • TGFβ1 attenuated IL1b release following nigericin stimulation by reducing inflammasome priming.
  • In vivo silencing of microglial TGFβ signaling led to increased Casp1, Il18, and Il1b expression.

Conclusions:

  • TGFβ1 acts as a potent immunoregulatory factor for microglia.
  • TGFβ1 signaling is crucial for controlling microglial reactivity and inflammasome activation.
  • Targeting TGFβ1 may offer therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Keywords:
IL1bLPSNLRP3TGFβ1inflammasomemicroglia

More Related Videos

Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages06:52

Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages

Published on: May 21, 2018

11.2K
A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance07:19

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance

Published on: March 19, 2020

6.3K

Related Concept Videos

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
18.2K
Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
56.9K
Enzyme Inhibition01:30

Enzyme Inhibition

Inhibitors are molecules that reduce enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme. In a normally functioning cell, enzymes are regulated by a variety of inhibitors. Drugs and other toxins can also inhibit enzymes. Some inhibitors bind to the enzyme’s active site, while others inhibit enzymatic activity by binding to other sites on the protein structure.
91.7K
Energy-releasing Steps of Glycolysis01:28

Energy-releasing Steps of Glycolysis

Glycolysis is divided into two phases based on whether energy is utilized or released. While the first phase consumes ATP, the second phase produces energy in the form of ATP and NADH. The energy is released over a sequence of reactions that turns G3P into pyruvate. The energy-releasing phase—steps 6-10 of glycolysis—occurs twice, once for each of the two 3-carbon sugars produced during steps 1-5 of the first phase.
The first energy-releasing step—the 6th step of glycolysis...
146.4K
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
5.6K
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
1.2K