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A Retrospective Study of Clinical Risk Factors and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Full-Arch Implant-Supported
Xinyue Zhang1,2, Yinlin Wang1, Kexin Yang1
1Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes, marginal bone loss (MBL) trends, risk factors, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of immediate full-arch implant restoration to guide clinical decision-making.
Materials And Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 50 patients with 256 implants who underwent immediate restoration. Clinical and imaging data, implant survival rates, and mechanical complications were analyzed. MBL was measured at five time points using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT): T0 (immediately post-implantation), T1 (6 months), T2 (1 year), T3 (2 years), and T4 (3-5 years). PROs were assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and the European Five-Dimensional Health Inventory-5 L (EQ-5D-5L).
Results:
The implant survival rate was 98%, with an average follow-up of 42 ± 16.36 months. Mechanical complications occurred in 46% of cases. MBL was most rapid between T0 and T2 and slowed from T2 to T4. Significant risk factors for increased MBL included smoking, maxillary implants, female gender, and advanced age. Furthermore, 30° angled multi-unit abutments on posterior implants were associated with greater MBL compared to straight (0°) angled abutments. Overall, patients reported high satisfaction with the immediate restoration, as reflected by the OHIP-14 and EQ-5D-5L scores.
Conclusions:
Immediate restoration with full-arch implants yields excellent clinical outcomes and improves Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). While bone levels tend to stabilize after 2 years, the high incidence of prosthetic complications underscores the critical need for rigorous long-term maintenance protocols.
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