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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry
Published on: July 20, 2016
Creating unimolecular multivalent diversity in protein conjugates via the Passerini multicomponent bioconjugation
Ana R Humpierre1,2, Yanira Méndez1,3, Ahyoung Kim1
1Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle/Saale, Germany.
Abstract:
The ability to conjugate multiple molecules to a protein is of great interest for pharmaceutical and vaccine development, especially if this can be achieved in a one-pot procedure. Multicomponent reactions are powerful procedures that allow the assembly of complex constructs incorporating at least three molecular fragments, but many of them use amino and carboxylic groups that are too abundant in proteins. Herein, we introduce the use of the Passerini 3-component reaction with isocyanoproteins for the assembly of multivalent protein (glyco)conjugates. Proteins were tagged with isocyanide handles and next derivatized to investigate the efficacy and limitations of the Passerini bioconjugation. The multicomponent conjugation enabled the simultaneous functionalization of proteins with two biologically relevant molecules such as carbohydrate antigens, lipids, and polymers. The efficient display of various antigens in a unimolecular multivalent construct is a notable result that paves the way towards new applications in preventive vaccines and therapeutics.
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